CHEMISTRY OF CHOLESTEROL AND HEART DISEASES

 CHEMISTRY AND HEART

CHOLESTROL-

SOURCE- WAVEMAGAZINEONLINE

What do we know about cholesterol or what is cholesterol?

Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance that are needed to make some useful hormones and is found in our blood. Cholesterol is actually needed to build certain kind of cells, but the it's presence in large quantities can have harmful effects too.

It comes from two sources, first, our liver makes cholesterol that we need, the other source is, it can be obtained from food which are derived from other animals. Now, there are two types of cholesterol-

1. LDL Cholesterol- LDL stands for "low-density lipoprotein". This type of parcel protein transports cholesterol from liver to rest of the body, high levels of LDL cholesterol leads to high chances of cardiovascular diseases. It is sometimes referred to as bad cholesterol.

2. HDL Cholesterol- "HDL" stands for "high-density lipoprotein". This type of protein transports cholesterol back to liver from body's organs and tissues, because, high levels of HDL cholesterol are associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, so it is also called as good cholesterol.

HEART DISEASES-

There are many types of heart diseases, and each one of them has different symptoms as well as treatments. For some, lifestyle change and medicines can make a huge difference, while for some, one may need a surgery to make it work well again.

CHEMISTRY-

 Chemistry is typically a branch of science that deals with the substance of which matters are made up of or composed of, the research of their properties and reactions, and the use of such reactions to form new substances.

CHEMISTRY, CHOLESTEROL AND HEART DISEASE

Now comes the main topic,

As discussed, cholesterol is an alcohol that is used to make steroid hormones and a vital constituent of cell membrane.

STRUCTURE OF CHOLESTEROL

 It is essential to life. On the other hand, deposition of cholesterol in arteries is a cause of heart disease, leading cause of death in humans. For an organism to remain healthy, there must be a delicate balance between the biosynthesis of cholesterol and it's utilization, so that it's deposition in arteries is kept at minimum level.

For some individuals with high blood levels of cholesterol, the remedy is as simple as following a diet of low in cholesterol and fat. For those who suffer from elevated blood cholesterol levels for generic reasons, other means of cholesterol reduction are required. One remedy involves taking a drug called statin*(see at bottom), a drug designed to interfere with the biosynthesis of cholesterol.

In the body, the biosynthesis of cholesterol takes place through a series of steps, one of which is catalyzed by the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase and which uses mevalonate ion as a substrate. The statin interferes with this step and thereby reduces blood cholesterol levels.

LOVASTATIN STRUCTURE

Lovastatin, a compound isolated from the fungus Aspergillus terreus, was the first statin to be marketed. Now many others are in use. Lovastatin, because a part of it's structure resembles mevalonate ion, can apparently bind at the active site of HMGA-CoA-reductase and act as a competitive inhibitor of this enzyme and thereby reduce cholesterol biosynthesis.

*This site, do not promote intake if any drug without the prescription by a certified doctor. Intake of drug should be done under supervision of the doctor.

So this was the relation between "CHEMISTRY AND CHOLESTEROL".

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